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Fort Collins is the Home Rule Municipality that is the county seat and the most populous municipality of Larimer County, Colorado, United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 Situated on the Cache La Poudre River along the Colorado Front Range, Fort Collins is located 65 miles (105 km) north of the Colorado State Capitol in Denver. With a 2014 estimated population of 156,480, it is the fourth most populous city in Colorado after Denver, Colorado Springs, and Aurora. Fort Collins is a midsize college city, home to Colorado State University. ==History== Fort Collins was founded as a military outpost of the United States Army in 1864. It succeeded a previous encampment, known as Camp Collins, on the Cache La Poudre River, near what is known today as Laporte. Camp Collins was erected during the Indian wars of the mid-1860s to protect the Overland mail route that had been recently relocated through the region. Travelers crossing the county on the Overland Trail would camp there, but a flood destroyed the camp in June 1864. Afterward, the commander of the fort wrote to the commandant of Fort Laramie in southeast Wyoming, Colonel William O. Collins, suggesting that a site several miles farther down the river would make a good location for the fort. The post was manned originally by two companies of the 11th Ohio Volunteer Cavalry and never had walls.〔 Settlers began arriving in the vicinity of the fort nearly immediately. The fort was decommissioned in 1867. The original fort site is now adjacent to the present historic "Old Town" portion of the city. The first school and church opened in 1866, and the town was platted in 1867. The civilian population of Fort Collins, led by local businessman Joseph Mason, led an effort to relocate the county seat to Fort Collins from LaPorte, and they were successful in 1868.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fort Collins Time Line 1860 )〕 The city's first population boom came in 1872, with the establishment of an agricultural colony. Hundreds of settlers arrived, developing lots just south of the original Old Town. Tension between new settlers and earlier inhabitants led to political divisions in the new town, which was incorporated in 1873. Although the Colorado Agricultural College was founded in 1870, the first classes were held in 1879. The 1880s saw the construction of a number of elegant homes and commercial buildings and the growth of a distinctive identity for Fort Collins. Stone quarrying, sugar-beet farming, and the slaughter of sheep were among the area's earliest industries. Beet tops, an industry supported by the College and its associated agricultural experiment station, proved to be an excellent and abundant food for local sheep,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fort Collins Time Line 1890 )〕 and by the early 1900s the area was being referred to as the "Lamb feeding capital of the world." In 1901 the Great Western sugar processing plant was built in the neighboring city of Loveland.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fort Collins Time Line 1900 )〕 Although the city was affected by the Great Depression and simultaneous drought,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fort Collins Time Line 1930 )〕 it nevertheless experienced slow and steady growth throughout the early part of the twentieth century.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fort Collins Time Line 1940 )〕 During the decade following World War II, the population doubled and an era of economic prosperity occurred. Old buildings were razed to make way for new, modern structures. Along with revitalization came many changes, including the closing of the Great Western sugar factory in 1955, and a new city charter, adopting a council-manager form of government in 1954.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fort Collins Time Line 1950 )〕 Similarly, Colorado State University's enrollment doubled during the 1960s,〔 making it the city's primary economic force by the end of the century. Fort Collins gained a reputation as a very conservative city in the twentieth century, with a prohibition of alcoholic beverages, a contentious political issue in the town's early decades,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fort Collins Time Line 1880 )〕 being retained from the late 1890s until student activism helped bring it to an end in 1969.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fort Collins Time Line 1960 )〕 During that same period, civil rights activism and anti-war disturbances heightened tensions in the city, including the burning of several buildings on the CSU campus.〔 During the late 20th century, Fort Collins expanded rapidly to the south, adding new development, including several regional malls.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fort Collins Time Line 1970 )〕 Management of city growth patterns became a political priority during the 1980s, as well as the revitalization of Fort Collins' Old Town with the creation of a Downtown Development Authority.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fort Collins Time Line 1980 )〕 In late July 1997, the city experienced a flash flood after and during a 31-hour period when of rain fell. The rainfall was the heaviest on record for an urban area of Colorado. Five people were killed and $5 million in damages were dealt to the city. The waters flooded Colorado State University's library and brought about $140 million in damages to the institution.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.assessment.ucar.edu/flood/flood_summaries/07_28_1997.html )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fort Collins, Colorado」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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